When the apostle came to this city of Corinth, he found it was given over to gross idolatry, sexual perverseness, obscene drunkenness, corrrupt and greedy extortioners. These vial conditions did not discourage him from preaching the gospel, but rather gave him great incentive to declare the gospel of God's sovereign mercy to sinners for Christ's name sake. In doing so, God was pleased to call out, save and reveal the gospel to many of His Elect. Some of these had been most violent offenders of God's law, others had been restrained by grace, but all were guilty and stood in need of mercy. Then the apostle reminds them of the great work of grace for them and in them. But you are washed, but you are sanctified, but you are justified in the name of the Lord Jesus, and by the Spirit of our God. God has given all these blessings to every sinner He is pleased to save.
Paul plainly declared by the Spirit of God that sinners are cleansed, forgiven & made clean by the blood of Jesus Christ (I John 1:7). Any notion that a man can purge himself from his sins is to be totally deceived. This verse has no reference to water baptism, water can not make atonement for sin. "it is the blood that maketh atonement for the soul." (Heb. 1:3; 9:12).
Sanctification is the work of God's sovereign grace whereby He has separated us to be holy in Christ by election (Eph. 1:3-6), declared us to be holy in Christ by redemption (Eph. 5.27), made us to be holy in regeneration (2 Thes. 2:13). Believers are partakers of a divine nature implanted within (Col. 1:27). This sinful flesh never gets sanctified, it is the new man that does!
Believers are never justified by works of any kind (Rom. 3.20). We are justified by the grace of God through the blood sacrifice of the Lord Jesus Christ (Rom. 3.24; 5:9). This is a glorious work done for sheep at Calvary, applied to the soul of the believer by the work of the Spirit and received by God-given faith (Rom. 5: 1). All the believers salvation was accomplished by God, for Paul says, "In the name of the Lord Jesus, and by the Spirit."